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Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis

3 August 2023 No Comments

Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis probably represent a spectrum of one disease. Both affect the same population (patients > age of 50), and the

Livedo Reticularis and Livedo Racemosa

3 August 2023 No Comments

Livedo reticularis produces a mottled, purplish discoloration of the skin with reticulated cyanotic areas surrounding paler central cores (Figure 1–7ck). This distinctive “fishnet” pattern is

Sjögren Syndrome

1 August 2023 No Comments

Sjögren syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disorder whose clinical presentation is usually dominated by dryness of the eyes and mouth due to immune-mediated dysfunction of

Mixed Connective Tissue Disease, Overlap, and Undifferentiated Syndromes

1 August 2023 No Comments

Many patients with symptoms and signs of a connective tissue disease have features of more than one type of rheumatic disease. Special attention has been

Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Myopathies

1 August 2023 No Comments

Immune-mediated inflammatory myopathies include polymyositis, dermatomyositis, myositis resulting from a rheumatic disease or overlap syndrome, inclusion body myositis (IBM), and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy. These disorders

Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma)

31 July 2023 No Comments

Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) is a rare chronic disorder characterized by diffuse fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Symptoms usually appear in the third to

Raynaud Phenomenon

31 July 2023 No Comments

Raynaud phenomenon (RP) is a syndrome of paroxysmal digital ischemia, most commonly caused by an exaggerated response of digital arterioles to cold or emotional stress.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome

28 July 2023 No Comments

The clinical features of primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) are venous or arterial occlusions or certain pregnancy complications. Laboratory criteria include the identification of at least

Drug-Induced Lupus

28 July 2023 No Comments

Drug-induced lupus shares several clinical and serologic features with SLE but is due to ongoing exposure to a drug and resolves when the offending drug

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

27 July 2023 No Comments

SLE is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibodies to nuclear antigens. It can affect multiple organ systems. Many of its clinical manifestations are secondary

Adult Still Disease

27 July 2023 No Comments

Still disease is a systemic form of juvenile chronic arthritis in which high spiking fevers are much more prominent, especially at the outset, than arthritis.