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Arthralgias occur frequently in the course of acute infections with many viruses, but frank arthritis is uncommon with the notable exceptions of acute parvovirus B19 infection and Chikungunya fever. Parvovirus B19 causes an acute polyarthritis in 50–60% of adult cases…
Infection with HIV has been associated with various rheumatic symptoms and may coexist with autoimmune rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or spondyloarthritis. Acute new HIV infection (viremia) causes severe arthralgias in an oligoarticular, asymmetric pattern that resolve…
In contrast to nongonococcal bacterial arthritis, gonococcal arthritis usually occurs in otherwise healthy individuals. Host factors, however, influence the expression of the disease: gonococcal arthritis is two to three times more common in women than in men, is especially common…
Lyme disease is discussed in our chapter on Spirochetal Infections. Nongonococcal acute bacterial arthritis is most often due to hematogenous seeding of the joint; direct inoculation from penetrating trauma is rare. The key risk factors are bacteremia (eg, injection drug…